Coughing is an instinctive, forceful activity that can strain the muscles of your body vigorously. When you are suffering from an uncontrollable, hacking cough, you may pull a muscle. You can experience a pulled muscle in any part of the body. However, the chest muscles and the abdominal muscles are most likely to get pulled due to coughing. A severe, prolonged coughing spell often strains the muscles so badly that minor tears develop on the muscle fibers.