Selenium Deficiency Symptoms

Selenium is a micronutrient, which is needed by the human body in very small amount. Studies show that humans need 50 micrograms of selenium per day. This mineral is present in almost all organs of the human body, in small amounts. As compared to other organs, the kidneys, liver, spleen, pancreas, and testes have this mineral in higher concentrations.

While selenium can be derived from plant and animal matter, the amount of this trace mineral in the food is determined by the selenium levels of the soil in which the plants are grown. In case of animals, this is determined by the amount of this mineral in their body.

So, if the soil in an area has meager amount of selenium; then those living in that area may face a deficiency of this trace mineral. Even some of the processing, refining, and cooking methods may cause loss of this micronutrient from the food.

Selenium and its Health Benefits

A nonmetal related to sulfur and oxygen, selenium is a chemical element with an atomic number of 34. The chemical symbol of this mineral is 'Se', and it was discovered during 1817. It has various industrial uses, especially in production of glass.

It plays an important role of a catalyst in various chemical reactions. It is also used in production of solar cells, ceramic, and brass. Selenium is an ingredient in various dietary supplements, and is also used for treating some diseases.

One of the most important functions of selenium in the human body is to protect the body from the damage that can be caused by the action of free radicals. It has an important role in some chemical reactions that take place inside the body, to produce antioxidants that fight the free radicals.

Studies show that, selenium taken along with vitamin E, can reduce the risk of certain types of cancer. It is also linked to a reduced risk of coronary diseases.

This mineral is said to be beneficial in preventing toxicity caused by metals, like copper, mercury, and arsenic. It is also claimed to be good for maintaining normal blood pressure levels. Selenium is vital for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland.

Even though, deficiency of this micronutrient is very rare, there are some individuals, who show selenium deficiency symptoms.

Signs and Symptoms of Selenium Deficiency

As mentioned, deficiency of selenium is uncommon, as this trace mineral is required by the human body, in very small amounts. However, some people lack even this small amount of selenium, in their bodies.

Such deficiency may be caused by some factors, like severely compromised intestinal function, total intravenous feeding, or gastrointestinal bypass surgery. Old age may also contribute to the deficiency of this mineral.

Even though, selenium deficiency is a controversial topic, with very little research done on the subject, there are some conditions that are said to be caused by prolonged deficiency of this trace mineral.

• Keshan disease is caused by deficiency of selenium, and this condition affects the heart. It weakens the heart and is mainly seen in kids. Keshan disease causes loss of heart tissues and arrhythmias.

• Selenium deficiency symptoms include joint problems too. Kashin-Beck's disease, which causes deterioration of the joint tissues, is caused by deficiency of this micronutrient.

• Another medical condition that is linked to deficiency of selenium is hypothyroidism. This is due to the active participation of selenium in conversion of thyroid hormone called thyroxine.
• Other symptoms include extreme fatigue, mental slowing, muscle weakness and pain, reproductive disorders, hair or skin discoloration, and miscarriage.

Even high levels of this trace mineral in the body can be harmful, as it can lead to side effects of selenium; the most common being toxicity. Selenium toxicity symptoms include nausea, vomiting, loss of hair, loss of fingernails, and lesions on the skin.

Even though, selenium deficiency symptoms are very rare in healthy individuals; it is said that moderate consumption of foods with this mineral (not supplements) is good for preventing some types of cancer and coronary diseases. However, intake of selenium supplements without the consent of your health care provider is not advisable.

Disclaimer: This post is for informational purposes only, and should not be used as a replacement for expert medical advice. Visiting your physician is the safest way to diagnose and treat any health condition.